SMU assignment of Multimedia Systems Bsc IT

[ FALL 2015 ] ASSIGNMENT

PROGRAM	BSc IT
SEMESTER	THIRD
SUBJECT CODE & NAME	BT0077, Multimedia Systems

Q. No. 1. Explain in brief all five multimedia elements.

Answer:Multimedia elements can be applied to text, graphics, sound, video and animation. We will see each example briefly.

Text: It is the basic element in data. For text under multimedia different font, different kind of appearance, movement of the text can be applied.

Graphics: For graphics different kind of design can be applied, like 3D animation so that what it is played it looks differently than normal picture. Original graphic design can be created with application such as HyperStudio, MovieWorks, and Photoshop LE.

Sound:Audio, or sound, is a multimedia tool that is frequently used for e-Learning courses and training. In general terms, sound can be described as the “vibration that travel through air and can be heard by humans”. Sound require the use of different software to allow for the programming of this medium and when using sound in multimedia there are many option of technologies that can be utilized to edit the sound file including Real Audio, QuickTime and Flash. Real Audio is obviously used in the editing/programming of sound files, however it was specifically developed as a “streaming media format” which means that sound can be played even as it is being downloaded.

Sound can be added to a multimedia presentation from a variety of sources. Original sounds can be recorded using a microphone and programs such as SoundForge, MovieWorks, or Pinacle Studio. These application, as well as QuickTime Pro, can also be used to import sounds from an audio CD or the Internet. Sound resource files that can be used in multimedia projects are also included on the HyperStudio, MovieWorks, and SmartSound CDs.

Video:A continuous moving image is called a video. In this animation can be applied for moving object so that it appears are a real one. The users would not only enjoy but also can make out the difference between the previous versions to the newer version. Different kind of animation can be applied through freely available application. Movie maker software in one of the tools for creating animation. Videos, like animation, are key components of multimedia and results in greater interest and enjoyment for learners when incorporated in e-Learning courses. Although the definition of a video is quite well known in today’s society, it is still important to review how literature describe this type of multimedia. Video is the “technology of capturing, recording, processing, transmitting and reconstructing moving pictures, electronic signals, or digital media, primarily for viewing on television or computer monitors”.

As with animation, videos require programming, and this can be achieved through the use of a variety of software products including Premier, QuickTime and Movie Player. “Premier Adobe” is the programming software that assist in editing videos, including the enhancement of color. “QuickTime” has been described as ‘multimedia technology’ and is therefore utilized in the handling all the different types of multimedia, including videos.

Animation:If a new technique is applied with any Video or picture, then we can call that as an animation, has been applied. Once again either animation can be applied through freely downloadable software through internet or software data CD’s.

The concept of animation is a key component of multimedia. Many e-Learning courses and learning programs have utilized animation to convey information and optimize learner engagement. Animation by definition is the “optical illusion of motion created by the consecutive display of image of static elements”.

Q. No. 2. Describe in brief the following

1. Calligraphy

2. Text in multimedia application

Answer:Calligraphy is the art of writing script in such a way as to express the beauty of what is being written in the formation of the letters themselves. Different styles of calligraphy are shown in below fig.

Giving fashionable touch to font is called as calligraphy where user or viewer likes. Before picturisation of printing press, these kinds of fonts are prepared by hands on materials like woods or metal, then transfer to actual to keep for record. Calligraphy claims ancient roots in the first recorded forms of expression: the cave painting of our ancestors some 25000-30000 years ago. Eventually this form of pictorial communication became stylized around 3500 B.C. with the development of Egyptian hieroglyphics. The Phoenicians followed circa 1000 B.C. with one of the earliest alphabets – an entirely different writing system in that each symbol represented a sound rather than an idea or picture. The Phoenician alphabets was adopted and modified by many people, including the Greeks. The Romans picked up the Greek alphabets and adapted it to suit Latin.

Latin brings us to the beginnings of what many people think of as modern calligraphy. It was the language of the all-powerfull churches of the middle Ages, and monks were among the only literate members of society. One of their task was committing the word of God to paper, by scribing ancient text info ornamental volumes to be read by holy elite and royalty.

By the 19^th century the flat-edged pen we associate with calligraphy had been replaced with round-tipped pens, making it difficult to produce the kinds of artistic lines needed for calligraphy. The art of calligraphy had all but died. Then British artist and post, William Morris (1834-1896), took an interest in the lost art of beautifull penmanship and towards the end on his life reintroduced  the flat-edge pen, reviving the art of calligraphy to its former glory.

Today’s technology is forwarded such a way that all the kind of scripts and formats are available because of the software support.

Text in multimedia application:Text is perhaps the easiest of all multimedia elements to manipulate. Most computer users are experienced with word processing and therefore, are familiar with the processes of entering and edited text and working with fonts and font sizes.

Text can be boring unless you enliven it by selecting fonts and types sizes that are appropriate for the audience. Fonts help focus attention on certain text on the screen, enhance readability, set a tone and project an image. Fonts can be characterized as serif, sans serif, and decorative.

Fonts are measured in point sizes. There are 72 points per inch. 10 and 12 points are common points displayed on the screen. The point size often depends on the font usage as a title, and so on. Text that appears as a title at the top of a screen may be relatively large, whereas text on a button might be quite small. Some guidelines follow below:

Guidelines

Use	Point size
Headings	14-60
Subheadings	Half the heading size with a minimum that is more than the text block
Text block	10-12

Headings and the subheadings attract attention and provide the user with quick identification of the screen contents, while text blocks provide the substance. Subheadings must never be the text block.

Consider using font format and font colors. Three common font formats are bold, italic, and underline. These formats often used for emphasis in print materials. In multimedia application, however, they are more often used to indicate that clicking on the word will hyperlink, to display additional text or some action.

Use restraint and be consistent. While it may be tempting and certainly easy to use a variety of fonts, sizes, and styles, it is important to exercise restraint. Avoid too many font sizes and styles on screen. In addition, try to maintain consistency. For example, if several screens have a similar headings, use the same font, size, and style for all of the headings. Fonts can be used to express our feelings to particular word or sentences by using some styles.

Q. No. 3. Describe the following file formats:

1. Photoshop Format

2. Photoshop EPS

3. EPS TIFF or EPS PICT Preview

4. PCX

Answer:Photoshop format(PSD).PSD signifies an Adobe Photoshop graphic file. They are operable on Pentium and Macintosh systems by Adobe Photoshop. It supports all types of image modes and file formats.

We can save an image with any version of software. If version does not support, then feature are discarded. Here is one example for this:

Layers- set, colour coding, clipping paths, fill, style are new features in photoshop version 6.0; but layer effects are introduces in version 5.0; but in 6.0 versions all features are supported; some these features are also introduces in version 6.0 also we can open in 5.0 means we can change the attributes, but not able to store the changed attributes.

Adobe Photoshop is released in two editions: Adobe Photoshop, and Adobe Photoshop Extended, with the Extended having extra 3D image creation, motion graphics editing, and advanced image analysis features. Adobe Photoshop Extended is included in all of Adobe’s Creative Suite offerings except Design Standards, which includes the Adobe Photoshop edition.

Adobe only supports Windows and Macintosh versions of Photoshop, but using Wine, Photoshop CS5 can run well on Linux. PSD format is limited to a maximum height and width of 30,000 pixels.

Photoshop EPS:

Encapsulated Post Scripts language: is a file format, which contains both vector and bitmap graphics. It supports all graphics, illustration, page layout programs virtually. EPS mainly used for transferring postscript language artwork between different application. Any image with vector graphics can be converted into pixel format. EPS supports LAB, CMYK, RGB, Indexed color, Duotone, Grayscale, and Bitmap color modes. It does not supports any alpha channels. For printing EPS image we must use PostScript Printers.

EPS TIFF or EPS PICT Preview:

These file are used for creation of preview of saved files. It’s not supported in Adobe Photoshop. Any preview image can be opened for further processing. Previews in EPS TIFF or EPS PICT preview is only available in MacOS. Note that in the new version of EPS TIFF or EPS Preview formats supports both vector and rasterization features. These were more convenient in previous versions.

PCX:

PCX format is a zsoft paint file. PCX’s are openable in windows paintbrush. PCX supports RGB, Indexed, GrayScale and Bitmap color modes. Images can have bit depth of 1, 4, 8, 24. It does not support alpha channels and supports compressions methods.